Latency

Every signal-processing element requires a certain amount of processing time. This depends partly on implementation demands, such as buffer sizes, and partly on the physical properties of the filters, for example the group delay introduced by specific filter designs. Different applications, in turn, have different latency requirements, which determine how much processing delay is acceptable within the system.

Fig. 20 Latency requirements

• Signal conversion (ADC/DAC): <0.5 ms

• Buffer based audio IO (Blackfin, ARM): 64-512 samples (1.3-10 ms @ 48 kHz))

• XMOS audio io: 6 samples (0.1 ms @ 48 kHz)

• Basic EQing: <5 ms (Filter Group Delay)

• AI-Processing: 32-256 ms (or even more, some need seconds of context)

• Buffering for time-domain to frequency-domain conversion: 256-1024 samples (10-40 ms).